Speaking valves can be divided into two different groups. There are valves for tracheostomized patients with preserved larynx and those for laryngectomized patients with voice prosthesis. There are technical and functional differences between both types of speaking valves.
Speaking valves for tracheostomized patients with preserved larynx:
Tracheostomized patients can use the natural respiratory tract via the mouth and nose, breathing in through the speaking valve and exhaling via the upper respiratory tract. As the speaking valve closes following inspiration, the expiration air escapes over the available larynx, thus enabling phonation.
These speaking valves for tracheostomized patients must not be used on laryngectomees!
Speaking valves for laryngectomized patients with voice prosthesis:
Laryngectomized patients with a voice prosthesis can cultivate their own compensatory voice with the aid of a special speaking valve. As these patients breathe exclusively via the tracheostoma, the speaking valve needs to remain open during the respiration process to ensure an unobstructed exchange of air.
For this reason, speaking valves for laryngectomized patients are either purposely closed with a finger to generate speech (PRIMEDIAIR®-PHON) or function with a special valve membrane which, due to the increased exhalation pressure during phonation, diverts the expiration air over the voice prosthesis, but otherwise remains open (PRIMEDI RESISTANCE VALVES).
These speaking valves can also be used by tracheostomized patients with an intact larynx.